Marc-Antoine Pinard, Chief Technology Officer & Head of Artificial Intelligence
For the last two years, enterprise AI has felt like an open bar.
The invitation was simple: try everything. Give teams access. Encourage experimentation. Build pilots. Launch internal tools. Move fast. Show the market, the board, and employees that the organization is serious about artificial intelligence.
That first phase was necessary. It gave organizations permission to imagine again. It pushed AI out of innovation labs and into real workflows. It helped leaders see that AI was not just another technology trend, but a new layer of intelligence that could reshape how work gets done.
But every open bar eventually becomes an invoice.
The next phase of AI will not be defined by who uses it the most. It will be defined by who can prove what it is worth.
That is the shift now taking place. AI is moving from experimentation to economics, from excitement to accountability, from “look what this tool can do” to “what did this actually change for the business?”
And for many organizations, that shift is going to be uncomfortable.
The Uber lesson
Uber recently gave the market a very useful case study.
According to recent reporting, the company burned through its 2026 AI budget in just four months, largely through the use of Claude Code and other AI development tools. The lesson is not that Uber failed. In many ways, it may have done exactly what most organizations are being told to do: move quickly, put AI in the hands of teams, encourage adoption, and push the organization to learn by doing.
That is what makes the story interesting.
Uber did not ignore AI. It did not move slowly. It did not wait for a three-year transformation roadmap to tell people what to try. It leaned in.
The problem is that it did not count fast enough.
When AI usage scales, the economics change. What feels lightweight at the individual level can become material at the enterprise level. A few power users become hundreds. Hundreds become thousands. A productivity tool becomes a recurring operating cost. A successful pilot becomes a budget pressure. A promising capability becomes a financial question.
That is the part many organizations are not ready for.
AI can feel deceptively inexpensive when the conversation is about access, experimentation, or individual productivity. But at scale, every token, workflow, agent, integration, model call, data movement, governance requirement, and support process creates cost. Some of that cost is worth it. Some of it is not. The difference depends on whether the organization can connect usage to value.
That is the real Uber lesson.
The issue is not that AI is too expensive. The issue is that AI without financial architecture becomes expensive before it becomes accountable.
What problem did you actually solve?
A dangerous habit is forming inside enterprises: treating AI usage as a proxy for transformation.
More prompts. More licenses. More tokens. More internal adoption. More experimentation. More dashboards showing activity.
But activity is not value.
An organization can use AI everywhere and still make the same decisions, serve customers the same way, move at the same speed, and carry the same operational friction. The invoice grows, but the organization does not necessarily become more intelligent.
This is where the next wave of AI leadership needs to become more disciplined.
The right question is not “How much AI are we using?”
The right question is “What business problem did it solve?”
Did it reduce friction in a real workflow? Did it improve a customer journey? Did it accelerate delivery? Did it help employees make better decisions? Did it reduce risk? Did it create capacity? Did it generate measurable value?
If the answer is unclear, the organization is not scaling intelligence. It is scaling consumption.
This is already showing up in the market:
- Reports of runaway Claude usage
These all point in the same direction: enterprises are learning that AI adoption cannot be measured by usage alone.
The signal is not that companies should step away from AI.
The signal is that AI is too important to manage casually.
The AI conversation now belongs to CFOs
Up until now, AI sat mostly in the technology conversation.
That made sense at first. The questions were technical: Which models, platforms, vendors, integrations. Which data architecture and security requirements.
AI now belongs in a broader business conversation. The CIO still has a critical role, but the CFO needs to be at the same table. Because the hardest AI questions are now economic and operational.
Leaders need to understand where AI should be used, what it costs to run, and what happens when usage scales across the enterprise. They need to know who owns the budget, and how quickly a proof of concept can become a permanent operating cost.
More importantly, they need to connect AI investment to measurable value. If AI creates savings, where should that capital go next? If AI becomes a new line item, what should the organization stop funding? And if usage is growing faster than value, who is accountable for bringing the model back to reality?
The AI conversation is starting to move from “Can we use it?” to “Can we afford the way we are using it?” and, more importantly, “Is it creating value that justifies the cost?”
That is where the next stage of maturity begins.
You can’t replace people with AI to reduce cost
One of the loudest AI narratives is also one of the weakest: AI will replace people. It is dramatic and makes for a strong headline, but it is also incomplete.
Using AI as a blanket replacement strategy is not transformation. It is a financial bet dressed up as innovation.
Inside an enterprise, the work that looks simple on paper is rarely simple in motion. A process may look like tasks, approvals, and handoffs, but the real intelligence often lives between the steps: the exception someone knows how to handle, the risk someone knows not to take, the customer nuance that changes the answer, the timing that makes a decision right or wrong.
That is why AI cannot be treated as a blunt replacement engine. Used well, it can remove friction, fill gaps, accelerate analysis, improve decisions, and help teams move faster.
But if an organization removes human capacity, then replaces it with AI systems that introduce new costs, new oversight requirements, new governance needs, new infrastructure, and unclear value, what has actually improved?
The cost did not disappear. It moved. And in some cases, it actually increased.
This is the danger in treating AI as a labour substitution model before understanding the full economics. The organization may reduce one cost while creating another. It may look more automated while becoming less resilient.
The question we should be asking is “Where can AI make our people more effective, and where does that effectiveness create measurable value?”
The answer is one that is more likely to produce results.
AI needs FinOps
Every major technology wave goes through a fantasy phase. The internet had it. Cloud had it. Mobile had it.
At first, the answer is always more: more tools, more experimentation, more pilots, more adoption, more speed.
Then costs rise. Complexity grows. Governance catches up. Leaders begin asking what is working, what is waste, and what should be scaled.
AI is entering that moment now.
The organizations that win will be the ones that build financial architecture around AI early. That means knowing where AI is being used, what it costs, what it enables, what value it produces, and what controls are required before usage accelerates beyond value.
There is a difference between speed and spray. Speed has direction. Spray has invoices.
Financial architecture does not kill innovation. It protects it by making AI sustainable and forcing the organization to focus on use cases that matter, value that can be measured, and operating models that can scale without surprising the CFO four months into the year.
Without that discipline, organizations risk turning AI into another layer of uncontrolled cost.
With it, they can turn AI into a real business capability.
Start smaller to scale faster
The answer is not to build a three-year AI transformation deck and hope the market waits. It’s also not to give everyone unlimited access and hope value appears.
It will not.
The next model needs to be smaller, sharper, and more accountable. Pick a real business problem. Understand the workflow. Identify where AI can relieve friction. Define the value. Understand the cost. Build around the people doing the work. Prove the result. Then scale what works.
Not because 100 days solves everything. It does not. But 100 days is enough to move from theory to proof. It is enough to test whether the use case is real. It is enough to understand whether AI is creating value or simply creating activity.
And when the value is real, the savings can fund the next move.
That is how AI becomes sustainable: not through endless experimentation, but through disciplined momentum.
This is especially important for large enterprises in banking, insurance, government, etc. These organizations cannot behave like AI labs with infinite capital. They have P&Ls, shareholders, regulators, customers, legacy systems, risk committees, procurement processes, and operational obligations.
They do not need more AI theatre.
Dream bigger. Count better.
AI is too important to be treated like a toy. Too powerful to be measured by usage alone. Too expensive to run without accountability. Too transformative to leave disconnected from business value.
We should still imagine what happens when intelligence becomes part of every workflow, every product, every decision, and every customer experience. We should still push industries forward. We should still explore the frontier.
But big dreams need real economics. You can shoot for the moon.
But you still need to count the fuel.
That is the balance the next phase of AI requires: imagination and discipline, technology and now just as important: finance.
Uber gave the market a useful warning shot. Not because AI failed, but because AI succeeded fast enough to expose the cost model underneath it.
That is the lesson.
The open bar is over.
AI is a CFO problem now.